نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، ایران .
2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده منابع طبیعی ، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.
چکیده
یکی از رویکردهای مؤثر در مدیریت منابع آب، سیستمهای حسابداری آب هستند که با ترکیب اطلاعات اقتصادی و زیستمحیطی، امکان بهینهسازی منابع آب را فراهم میکنند. چارچوب حسابداری زیستمحیطی-اقتصادی برای آب (SEEAW) بهعنوان یکی از مهمترین سیستمهای بینالمللی، ابزار کارآمدی برای مدیریت منابع آب است. استفاده از این سیستمها در کاهش مصرف آب، بهبود بهرهوری و توسعه پایدار تأثیرگذار است. پژوهش حاضر به معرفی چارچوب SEEAW، تاریخچه و اصول آن پرداخته و عملکرد این سیستم در مدیریت منابع آب و اقتصاد را بررسی میکند. همچنین اجزای SEEAW شامل تعاریف و اقدامات حسابداری کشورهای عضو سازمان ملل و کاربرد آن در صنایع مختلف، بهویژه صنعت مواد معدنی، تحلیل میشود. چالشها و فرصتهای این سیستم در بهینهسازی مصرف آب و حفظ محیطزیست نیز مورد بررسی قرار میگیرد. نتایج نشان میدهد که استفاده از SEEAW میتواند مصرف آب را کاهش دهد، بهرهوری را بهبود بخشد و به توسعه پایدار منابع آبی کمک کند. علاوه بر این، نیاز به سیاستهای اقتصادی و زیستمحیطی مبتنی بر دادههای علمی بهویژه در کشورهای در حال توسعه احساس میشود.
کلیدواژهها
- سیستم حسابداری زیستمحیطی-اقتصادی آب (SEEAW)
- مدیریت منابع آب
- حسابداری آب
- توسعه پایدار
- سیاستهای زیستمحیطی
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Analysis of Economic and Environmental Policies in Water Resource Management Using Water Accounting Systems
نویسندگان [English]
- Maryam Mohammadrezaei 1
- Abas Rahdan 2
1 PhD student in watershed management, Faculty of Rangeland and Watershed Management, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
2 PhD student in watershed management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]
One of the effective approaches in water resource management is water accounting systems, which combine economic and environmental data to enable the optimization of water resources. The System of Environmental-Economic Accounting for Water (SEEAW), as one of the most important international accounting frameworks, is an efficient tool for managing water resources.The use of these systems has a significant impact on reducing water consumption, improving efficiency, and promoting sustainable development. This research introduces the SEEAW framework, its history, and its principles, while evaluating the system's performance in water resource management and its connection to the economy. Additionally, the components of SEEAW, including the definitions and accounting actions of UN member countries and its application across various industries, particularly the mineral industry, are analyzed. The challenges and opportunities of using this system for water consumption optimization and environmental preservation are also examined. The results indicate that the use of SEEAW can reduce water consumption, enhance efficiency, and contribute to the sustainable development of water resources. Furthermore, the need for economic and environmental policies based on scientific data, especially in developing countries, is emphasized.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Freshwater
- sustainable development
- economic-environmental policies
- water accounting system
- water resource management
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