با همکاری انجمن هیدرولیک ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

کارشناس توسعه شبکه آب و فاضلاب، شرکت آب و فاضلاب استان یزد، یزد، ایران.

10.22077/jaaq.2024.7340.1065

چکیده

در این مقاله به بررسی روشهای تجربی موفق حفاظت و احیای قنات با سه مثال موردی در استان یزد که هر کدام به نوبه خود در کم آب ترین مناطق این استان در محدوده‌های فاقد آبخوان تامین کننده آب شرب مردم روستاهای خمسیان شهرستان اشکذر، خرانق اردکان و دهشیر تفت می‌باشند مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ابتدا اقدام حفاظت فیزیکی و افزایش آبدهی به عنوان مهمترین روشهای حفاظت و احیای قنات معرفی شد. اقدام حفاظتی در سه بخش مقاوم‌سازی در مقابل عوامل بیرونی محیطی شامل مجموعه عملیات محافظت از میله چاه و کوره قنات، هسازی جهت جلوگیری از اختلال در کارکرد داخلی قنات که شامل عملیات ریزش‌برداری، لایروبی، شعه شکنی، دوپوشه کردن کوره قنات با کول در ناحیه ریزش کرده سقف و احداث بند انحراف سیلاب تعریف شد. برای افزایش آبدهی به روش سطحی عملیات بند خاکی تغذیه مصنوعی و برای روش زیرزمینی احداث سد زیرزمینی به عنوان روشهای کارآمد و موثر مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد با اجرای این اقدامات قنات تخریب شده خمسیان با آبدهی 5/0 لیتر بر ثانیه وارد مدار بهره‌برداری شد و ضمن محافظت از سیلاب‌های احتمالی آینده تضمین پایداری تامین آب شرب مردم این روستا فراهم آمد. همچنین مقدار 5/2 لیتر برثانیه به ظرفیت آبدهی قنات مزرعه‌نو دهشیر اضافه شد و قنات دیهوک خرانق ضمن حفاظت از خطر سیلاب، آبدهی پایدار آن در سال آبی کم بارش به 5/0 لیتر بر ثانیه افزایش یافت که انتظار میرود با وقوع بارندگی ظرفیت آبدهی این قنات تحت تاثیر بند خاکی تغذیه و سد زیرزمینی افزایش یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the successful methods of reviving the Qanat Through physical protection and artificial nutrition Case Study; Khamsian Qanat Ashkezar, Mazreano of Dehshir and Dihok Kharanagh

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyed Mostafa Tabatabaei

Water and sewage network development expert, Yazd Province Water and Wastewater Companyو Yazd, Iran.

چکیده [English]

. In this article, we will examine the successful experimental methods of protecting and reviving the Qanat with three case examples in Yazd province, each in turn in the least watery areas of this province, in areas without aquifers that supply drinking water to the people of the Mazreano Dehshir, Khamsian of Ashkezar and Dihook Kharanaq villages. First, the action of physical protection and increasing water flow was introduced as the most important methods of protecting and revitalizing the Qanat. Protective action in three parts A: resilience against external environmental factors, including a set of protection operations for well rods and Qanat furnaces, B: Improvement in order to prevent disruption in the internal functioning of the Qanat, which includes the operation of removing debris, dredging, breaking calluses doubling the Qanat furnace with kaval in the collapsed area and c: the construction of the flood diversion dam was defined. was investigated to increase the flow in a superficial way Earth dam operations for artificial feeding and for the underground method construction of underground dam as efficient and effective methods.The results showed by implementing these measures the destroyed Khamsian Qanat was put into operation with a flow rate of 0.5 liters per second And while protecting against possible future floods, the sustainability of the supply of drinking water for the people of this village was ensured.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • improvement inside the Qanat
  • underground dam
  • diversion dam
  • mountain Qanat
  • External strengthening of the Qanat
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