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واکاوی ابعاد پنهان احیای قنات های تهران: از منظر بوم شناسی سیاسی شهری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده
احیای قنات‌های تهران، علیرغم ضرورت اکولوژیکی و تاریخی، با موانع پیچیده اجتماعی-سیاسی مواجه است و رویکردهای صرفاً فنی قادر به تضمین پایداری آن نیستند، زیرا ابعاد پنهانی چون روابط قدرت، انتظارات متعارض، منافع ذی‌نفعان محلی و نهادی، هویت فرهنگی و اجتماعی، قنات را نادیده می‌گیرند. این شکاف مفهومی و عملی، لزوم واکاوی احیا قنات های تهران را از منظر چارچوب، بوم‌شناسی سیاسی شهری و با به‌کارگیری روش‌های کمّی پیشرفته، برای کشف ساختار چندبعدی آن آشکار می‌سازد. داده‌ها در دو مرحله کیفی (تحلیل محتوای اسناد برای استخراج گویه‌ها) و کمّی (پرسشنامه لیکرت در جامعه‌ای ۳۴ نفره از ذی‌نفعان محلی و نهادی) گردآوری و با نرم‌افزار SPSS تحلیل شدند. نمونه‌های مورد مطالعه، قنات‌های مهرگرد در منطقه ۱۲ و ناصری در منطقه ۱۱ تهران بودند. یافته‌های پژوهش، ساختار پنهان احیای قنات را در سه عامل کلیدی آشکار کرد: ۱) دستاوردهای عملیاتی-مشارکتی، ۲) چالش‌های برنامه‌ریزی کلان، و ۳) هویت اجتماعی-فرهنگی قنات. نتایج آزمون مان-ویتنی حاکی از شکاف آماری معنادار بین دیدگاه ساکنان و مسئولان در مؤلفه‌های ملموسی مانند «مشارکت واقعی» و «توزیع منافع» بود؛ درحالی که در مؤلفه‌های کلی‌تری مانند «توجه پروژه‌های توسعه» این شکاف مشاهده نشد. تفسیر این یافته‌ها در چارچوب بوم‌شناسی سیاسی شهری نشان می‌دهد که موفقیت در احیای قنات‌های شهری، مستلزم عبور از راه‌حل‌های صرفاً فنی و توجه توأمان به سه عرصه عملکردی-اقتصادی، سیاست‌گذاری کلان و هویت‌بخشی اجتماعی است. این پژوهش بر طراحی سازوکارهای نهادی برای تضمین مشارکت مؤثر جامعه محلی و تلفیق دانش بومی با برنامه‌ریزی نوین تأکید می‌ورزد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Analyzing the Hidden Dimensions of Qanat Restoration in Tehran: An Urban Political Ecology Perspective

نویسندگان English

Bahareh Farahani
Kianoosh Zakerhaghighi
Mehrnoush Hassanzadeh
Department of Urban Planning and design, ST.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Despite ecological and historical necessity, the restoration of Tehran's Qanats is confronted with complex socio-political obstacles. Purely technical approaches are insufficient for ensuring sustainability, as they overlook hidden dimensions such as power dynamics, conflicting expectations, stakeholder interests, and socio-cultural identity. This practical gap necessitates investigating the restoration of Tehran’s Qanats through the lens of Urban Political Ecology, utilizing advanced quantitative methods to uncover its multidimensional structure. Data was collected in two stages: a qualitative phase involving content analysis of documents to extract key indicators, and a quantitative phase utilizing Likert-scale questionnaires administered to 34 local and institutional stakeholders. The research focused on the Mehrgerd Qanat (District 12) and the Naseri Qanat (District 11) in Tehran. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. The research findings revealed the latent structure of Qanat restoration through three factors: 1-Operational-Participatory Achievements, 2- Macro-Planning Challenges, 3- Socio-Cultural Identity of Qanat. Furthermore, the Mann-Whitney U test indicated a statistically significant discrepancy between the perspectives of residents and officials regarding tangible components such as "genuine participation" and "distribution of benefits." Conversely, no such gap was observed in broader components like "attention to development projects." Interpreted through the framework of Urban Political Ecology, successful restoration of urban Qanats requires a shift beyond technical fixes toward a holistic integration of functional-economic, macro-policy, and social identity dimensions. Emphasis is placed on the design of institutional mechanisms to guarantee effective community participation and the integration of indigenous knowledge with modern planning.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Urban Political Ecology (UPE)
Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
Qanat Restoration
Tehran
Power Dynamics
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دوره 7، شماره 1
شهریور 1405
صفحه 221-252

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