Document Type : Review Paper
Authors
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Tourism Management and Economics, Faculty of Tourism, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.A. in Tourism Management, Faculty of Tourism, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Identifying qanats as examples of geocultural heritage not only highlights their historical importance, but also provides a basis for the development of geotourism knowledge—knowledge that addresses the introduction and sustainable exploitation of natural resources with geological value. In this regard, the aim of this research is to identify and explain the position of qanats as part of geocultural heritage and to examine their role in the geotourism industry and sustainable development. The present research is descriptive-analytical in nature and method and was conducted by studying documents and library resources. The results indicate that qanats, as prominent manifestations of the coexistence of geological and cultural heritage, have become an unparalleled model of intelligent human interaction with nature. Within the framework of the geotourism industry, qanats have a multifaceted capacity for the development of sustainable tourism. Combining geological, engineering, cultural, and aesthetic aspects, these structures have the potential to be considered educational, experiential, and cultural geosites. In addition, qanats can play a pivotal role in sustainable development. Their capacity for water resource management, job creation, sustainability of rural livelihoods, and transfer of indigenous knowledge provides a valuable context for achieving sustainable development goals at local and regional scales. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt multi-sectoral approaches to the conservation of qanats that combine legislation, education, scientific research, local participation, and the use of technology.
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