با همکاری انجمن هیدرولیک ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد هیدروژئولوژی، گروه علوم زمین، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد هیدروژئولوژی، گروه علوم زمین، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

3 پژوهشگر پسا دکتری هیدروژئولوژی، گروه علوم زمین، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

10.22077/jaaq.2025.9197.1108

چکیده

واحدهای صنعتی مستقر در پالایشگاه‌ها به‌واسطه نشت آلاینده‌های نفتی و ترکیبات هیدروکربنی، تهدیدی جدی برای منابع آب زیرزمینی محسوب می‌شوند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارزیابی گستره آلودگی، شناسایی منشأ نشت و بررسی احتمال تأثیر آن بر کیفیت آب شرب روستای همجوار یکی از پالایشگاه‌های کشور صورت گرفت. در این راستا، نمونه‌برداری از چاه‌های پایش واقع در محدوده پالایشگاه، تأسیسات پخش و انبار خطوط لوله، و همچنین چاه‌های کشاورزی روستا انجام شد. به‌کمک دستگاه نفت‌سنج، پارامترهایی نظیر ضخامت آلودگی نفتی غیرمحلول سبک (LNAPL) و سطح ایستابی در بازه‌های زمانی مختلف اندازه‌گیری گردید. افزون‌براین، طی چهار مرحله نمونه‌برداری، نوع ترکیبات نفتی محلول در آبخوان مورد شناسایی قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که چاه‌های شرب و کشاورزی روستا عاری از هرگونه آلودگی هیدروکربنی هستند؛ درحالی‌که سه حلقه چاه در محدوده پالایشگاه آلودگی از نوع LNAPL و بیست‌ودو چاه دیگر، حضور ترکیبات محلول بنزن را نشان دادند. براساس نقشه‌های پراکنش آلودگی، هشت ناحیه با تمرکز بالای آلاینده شناسایی شد. نتایج نهایی بیانگر آن است که منبع اصلی نشت، به نقص در سیستم انتقال پساب صنعتی (OSW) و سامپ‌های (sumps) مرتبط با آن بازمی‌گردد. ازاین‌رو، اجرای اقدامات اصلاحی فوری در جهت نوسازی و بهسازی سیستم مذکور به‌منظور کاهش مخاطرات زیست‌محیطی اکیداً توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Areas in Groundwater and Determination of Potential Leak Sources

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdorreza Vaezihir 1
  • Zahra Mohammadi 2
  • Vahideh Naderi Yengejeh 2
  • Mehri Tabarmayeh 3

1 Professor in Hydrogeology, Department of Earth Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

2 M.Sc. in Hydrogeology, Department of Earth Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Postdoctoral Researcher in Hydrogeology, Department of Earth Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Industrial units located in refineries pose a serious threat to groundwater resources due to the leakage of petroleum and hydrocarbon pollutants. This study was conducted to assess the extent of contamination, identify the source of leakage, and examine the potential pollution of a nearby rural drinking water well adjacent to one of the country’s refineries. For this purpose, monitoring wells within the refinery, distribution and pipeline storage facilities, and agricultural wells in the village were sampled. Using an oil detector device, parameters such as the thickness of light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) contamination and water table levels were measured over different months. Furthermore, during four sampling phases, the types of dissolved petroleum contaminants present in the aquifer were identified. The findings indicate that the village’s drinking and agricultural wells are free from hydrocarbon contamination. In contrast, three wells within the refinery area showed LNAPL contamination, and twenty-two other wells exhibited dissolved benzene contamination. Based on the pollution distribution maps, eight high-contamination zones were identified in the study area. The results indicate that the primary source of the pollutant leakage is mainly due to failures in the industrial wastewater transfer system (OSW) and associated sumps. Therefore, immediate actions to replace and renovate the OSW system are strongly recommended to mitigate environmental risks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aquifer
  • benzene
  • Oil Refinery
  • Monitoring wells and LNAPL
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