نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند-ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.
3 استاد، گروه مهندسی عمران و گروه پژوهشی خشکسالی و تغییراقلیم، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران،
10.22077/jaaq.2024.7075.1059
چکیده
امروزه آلودگی آب‌های زیرزمینی به یک مشکل جدی زیست‌محیطی تبدیل گردیده‌‌است. ازطرفی تغییرات اقلیم، کیفیت آبخوان‌ها را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. نتایج نشان دادند که کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی در طول زمان دچار تغییر شده و کاتیون‌های مانند آرسنیک و کروم و آنیون‌هایی چون جیوه، فلوراید و نیترات و غیره در منابع آب نفوذ پیداکردند. تحقیقات نشان می‌دهد روش‌های مختلفی برای از بین بردن آلودگی‌های موجود در آب‌زیرزمینی ازجمله تکنیک‌های سنتی و ارزان قیمت، روش رسوب شیمیایی، تبادل یونی، جذب، فیلتراسیون غشایی و غیره وجود دارد که در این میان کاربردهای گسترده‌ی نانوتکنولوژی درکاهش آلاینده‌ها در منابع آب شناخته شده‌است. از این‌رو در مطالعه‌ی حاضر، با بررسی تحلیلی و توصیفی، برخی از آلاینده‌های رایج موجود در آبخوان‌های آلوده و روش‌های مختلف در کاهش آلاینده‌ها از آب بیان شد. همچنین ازآن‌جایی که نانوتکنولوژی، دسترسی طولانی مدت به آب آشامیدنی سالم را تضمین می‌کند، بعضی از روش‌های سنتز نانوذرات و کاربردهای گسترده آن‌ها در کاهش آلودگی آبخوان بررسی شدند. نتایج این مطالعات نشان داد، نانومواد قابلیت افزایش سرعت واکنش شیمیایی، سازگاری با محیط‌زیست و گزینش‌پذیری در کاهش آلاینده‌ها از آب را دارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
A review of technologies for purification of groundwater including heavy metals based on nanotechnology
نویسندگان [English]
- Raziyeh Shamshirgaran 1
- Reihaneh Malakooti 2
- Abolfazl Akbarpour 3
1 PhD student in water resources engineering and management, The university of Birjand, Birjand
2 Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
3 Professor of civil-water engineering, The university of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Today, groundwater pollution has become a serious environmental problem. On the other hand, climate change affected the quality of aquifers. The results showed that the quality of groundwater resources changed over the time and some cations such as arsenic, chromium and some anions like mercury, fluoride, and nitrate penetrated into the water sources. Research showed that there were various methods to eliminate pollution in groundwater, including traditional and cheap techniques also, chemical precipitation methods, ion exchange, absorption, and membrane filtration. Therefore, in the present study, with analytical and descriptive investigation, some common pollutants in polluted aquifers and various methods to reduce pollutants from water were stated. Also, since nanotechnology guarantees long-term access to safe drinking water, some methods of nanoparticle synthesis and their wide applications in reducing aquifer pollution were investigated. The results of these studies showed that nanomaterials can increase the rate of chemical reaction, compatibility with the environment, and selectivity in reducing pollutants from water.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Groundwater
- pollution
- purification
- nanotechnology
- climate change
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