Evaluation of some Qanat protection zone determination methods

Zand Goharrizi, Fatema; Karimi, Haji; Karami, Amirhosein; Mirzaie Badizi, Fateme; Pourchangiz, Rezvan

doi:10.22077/jaaq.2025.9107.1107

Evaluation of some Qanat protection zone determination methods

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Fatema Zand Goharrizi ¹

Haji Karimi ²

Amirhosein Karami ¹

Fateme Mirzaie Badizi ¹

Rezvan Pourchangiz ¹

¹ Regional Water Company of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

² Professor, Range and Watershed Management Department, Agriculture Faculty, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22077/jaaq.2025.9107.1107

Abstract

Due to the importance of groundwater in arid and semi-arid regions and the role of balanced discharge from Qanats in the utilization of groundwater which does not harm the reservoir and does not cause reservoir deficit as what we have in pumping, and considering the preservation of these valuable resources in the ancient engineering of Iran, and the maintenance of the water quality of these sources, especially in areas which being used for drinking and agricultural purposes; and also noting that until now, the determination of quantitative and qualitative protection zone for these water resources has been neglected, relying solely on guidelines for defining well protection zone, which creates many technical issues when applied to Qanats; therefore, it is necessary to take action in this regard. Therefore, this research aims to provide recommendations for appropriate qualitative protection zone determinations for the benefit of operators, experts, and researchers in this field. This is achieved by reviewing all existing research and documents in this area and studying methods for determining qualitative protection zone of other groundwater sources, taking into account water production zone (wetland), water transport zone (dray land), transient time, transmissivity, and other technical characteristics of Qanats, which will be explained in the fallowing.

Keywords

Pollution

Water Production Zone

Water Resources Protection

Transient Time

Transmissivity

Subjects

ًQanat and aquifer

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