Trend Analysis of Groundwater Quality Changes Using Groundwater Quality Index (Study Area: Ghazvin Aquifer)

Mofidi, Mohammad; Hooshyaripor, Farhad; Kardan Moghaddam, Hamid; Noori, Roohollah

doi:10.22077/jaaq.2025.9864.1120

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Civil Engineering, SRC, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

² Water Research Institute, Ministry of Energy, Tehran, Iran.

³ Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

10.22077/jaaq.2025.9864.1120

Abstract

The Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) is used to assess the quality of groundwater and its suitability for various purposes. This index is employed by integrating data and generating a single number that reflects the overall quality of the water. In this study, changes in groundwater quality in the Qazvin aquifer were examined using GWQI over a 15-year period ending in 2021. In this regard, we used a wide range of water chemistry parameters, including Na, K, Mg, Ca, SO4, Cl, HCO3, pH, TDS, EC, and TH. The results showed that the minimum GWQI value ranged from 6.18 to 2.24, while the maximum value ranged from 1.118 to 2.205. Among the water chemistry parameters, EC and K had the highest and lowest impact on the GWQI value, respectively. The results of the Mann-Kendall trend test also indicated no significant trend in the GWQI index. Spatial analysis of the results revealed that the minimum values of GWQI were located in the northern and northwestern parts of the aquifer, while the maximum values were found in the western part of the aquifer. It is essential to note that the geographic area corresponding to the minimum GWQI values were much broader than that of the maximum values, indicating suitable groundwater quality in most regions.

Keywords

Main Subjects

ًQanat and aquifer

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Trend Analysis of Groundwater Quality Changes Using Groundwater Quality Index (Study Area: Ghazvin Aquifer)

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Volume 6, Issue 1 - Serial Number 10October 2025Pages 107-130

Volume 6, Issue 1 - Serial Number 10
October 2025
Pages 107-130