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Qualitative zoning of ground water of Birjand Plain in terms of drinking using WQI and GQI indices.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Bachelor Student, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.

2 Ph.D. Student, Department of Sciences and Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand Birjand, Iran.

3 Professor, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran

10.22077/jaaq.2024.7355.1066

Abstract

Given its location in the arid belt, South Khorasan Province faces an increasing demand for water due to the simultaneous growth and development of the agricultural and industrial sectors. This necessitates proper management tailored to the region's climatic conditions. Therefore, a quantitative and qualitative study of the region's water is essential for appropriate utilization and optimal management. Various indices exist to assess the quality of groundwater for drinking purposes, including GQI and WQI. In this article, a 10-year qualitative study of groundwater quality using WQI and GQI indices was conducted based on data from 29 well rings, which included parameters such as Na, Mg, Ca, Cl, SO4, TDS, HCO3, NO3, and pH. Raster maps depicting the concentration of these parameters were prepared using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method in GIS software. The GQI values for the Birjand Plain for the periods 87-90, 90-93, 93-96, and 96-97 ranged between 87-94, 85-93, 85-94, and 86-94, respectively. The WQI value for the period 87-97 ranged from 56 to 84. In conclusion, it can be inferred that the study area ranges from acceptable to suitable in terms of the GQI index, and from poor to very poor in terms of the WQI index.

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References
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Journal of Aquifer and Qanat
Volume 4, Issue 2 - Serial Number 7
March 2024
Pages 115-130
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